collins



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

' J. A. mums.-

Ore Crusher.

Patented J uly14, 1868.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. A. COLLINS.

'Ore Crusher. No. 79,954. Patnted July 14, I868.

N- PETERS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAPHLH, WASHINGTON, D. C.

guitar tater gotten} fiffitr,

diameter, havin Jenn aycon'mns, OF VIRG NIA; cirrus-mun.

ream-Pm Na. 79,954,'datea;zu'zy 14, 1868.

easements, eamnrn; Am) AMALGAM TOR,

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: V

-Be it known that I, JOHN A. COLLINS, of Virginia City, county ofStorey, State of Nevada,-'have invented an Improved-Crusher, Grinder,and Amalgamator; and I do hereby declare the following description andaccompanying drawings arc sutlleient to enable anyperson sltilled in theart or science to whichit most ne'arly nppertains, to make and use mysaid invention or improvements without further: invention (Srexperiment} The nature and object of my in \cntion are to provideanimproved maehine for crushing and grinding quartz. rock, ores, stones,and other friable substances, requiringfto be crushed, ground, andpulverized, and also for amalgamating and separating gold, silver, andother substances therefrom.

My invention consists in the'employmcnt of a foundation-plate orcircular. disk, of an "-desired diamete r,

having a. eurve or flange around. the periphery, slightly bevelled toaccommodate the outside swing iii the crhshing-wheels, and anotherflange within, so as to form an annular channel or groove around the.circumference of the bed-plate. V l e From the outer surface projectthree or more lugs or cars, for the accommodationot' bolts, by which themachine is firmly bound together. v p I I l v In this groove or'annularchannel I place three or more crushing-wheels, from about .two to sixfeet in v g a. face, six inches, more orlcss, and made ofsuificient'strength to resist the weight or pressure to r'rhich they will besubjected. r

Each of the crushingnvheels encloses a. cylinder or barrel, in which Iplace three or morerollgrspf unequal size, of about thelength of thebarrel, that they may roll freely therein. The-two outsidc' 'rollershayea diameter about one-eighth of that of the barrel. The mi'ddleJ'ollerissomewhat smaller than its companions; By this arrangement, the doubleimpingement of the largerones, while in motion, causes, the smallerroller to rotate in an opposite direction, giving itfthe grindingeiliciencyof the pan and shoes, while the four lines at" rolling contactbetween the large rollers and the smaller one, and between thesame andthe outer cylinder or barrel, quadruple its reducing capacity ascompared with a single roller.

To guard against any derangement of these rollers, in case ofprecipitntion and packing of the substance in the pulp, .a holder isemployed which iscarried along with the rollers as thefro-tate.

For the further illustration and description of my invention, referenceis bad to the accompanyingdrawings and letters marked thQl'QDflgDf whiehFigure 1 is a. side sectional elevation, taken through 94x, fig. 2.

Figure 2 isa. horizontal sectional view, taken through y y, fig. 1.-Fi'gur'e 3 is a side sectional elevation ot'a cylinder.

Fi ur'c' is an end sectional view of a c 'llnd'er.

A represents thedbwer'disk or base-plate, made of iron, havi'nganannular-ring or track, B, on it's periphery. In this track rotate threeor more iron barrels G C 0, about five feet in diameter, and six feet inlength, each encircled at themiddle with a. rim or tire, D,=abou't onefoot in'width, and dine foot or more in thickness.

' Each of these barrelshas a. fixed axle,'E, with journals turning inbones at the ends of the arms projecting downwards,'(as shown in fig.1,) from a'eentral plate, F, turning in a, circular recess, in thedriving-plate G above it. e i i p A' heavy circular iron driving-plate,Gr, ofthe same diameter as the circular trough,rests on the crushing--tire of the four barrels, and-is actuat'ed'by a central shaft, H, havingits step in the centre-of the lowerdisk or bed-plate, it being made'square, and bevelled above and below from the centre, where it passesthroughthe driving-plate at L-soi that, infturning this plate, itisca'used to rotate 'indcpendent ol the central plate F, and adjustitseltto the rise and fall of the driving-wheels." This driving-platc'has a-track, J J, on" its upper and lower faces, near the'periphery,which are bevelled, the lower one towards the axis of revolution, andthe upper towards the periphery; or the driving-plate nay'be'driven bysegment-gearing andbelt.

Above the driving-plate is atop plate, K, the lower face of which isprovided with a track, K, which is also bevelled towards the periphery.Between the driving-plate and the topplate is placed a small. plate, L,with radial varmsf'to thecentre of whichlthree or more friction-rollers,N N, are attached, directly onia line I above the crushingwheels, andare bevelled towards the axis of revolution.

To prevent friction, these wheels are bevelled on their face, tocorrespond to the bevel ontho' uppcrside of the revolving plate, and theunder side of the stationary plate abovetandithe am'ount of bevel givento the tracks and wheels should of course bc-such that the circumferenceof a circle, through which the outer edge of the wheel travels, shallcontain the circumference of said outer edge precisely the same numberof times that the circumference through which the inner edgetravelscontains the cireumfereuce'ot' said inner edge.

Substantial columns of cast iron or othey's'trong material, 0 O O, andhollow their entire length, which should be a trifle less than thediameter oi" the crushing and iriction vheels, coupled withthe-thickness of the re'volvingbr driving-plate, must be placed'betweenthe lugs of the upper and lower stationary plates.

' A substantial iron rod, P; firmly fastened at each end of each column,extends downwards, and penetrates the foundation from. twelve (12) tothirty-six inches, and is solidly bound to it by means of nuts andscrews Q Q; The'rods should extend upward through thelug of thestationary plate suff ciently to admit of Well-hooped car-springs -R, oflarge dimensions, surmounted by an iron plate ofequal diameter, which,by means of a screw, can be made to give a'weight'or pressure to thecrushing-wheels, indopendentof their own weight, that wllllil'ectuzillyreduce the hardest rock. I I

Thc'rock is fed'before the wheelsinto the annular trough, and, ifsuilicient weight or pressure is applied by the set-scre ws, it ispulverized by a. few revolutions of the wheels. If the rock is crusheddry, a scoop fol lows'the lastwheel, which plows the pulverized rock,and may carry it toa revolving screen. The finer portion, aitcr' passingthrough the screen, is taken by 'elevatorsto rcs'ervoirs abovc, wherethe pulp is prepared for amalgamation byadding water in the usual Way. Ip i A If the rock is. crushed'wct, the ore or pulp is discharged,through a holein the side of the annular trough, .into atank orelevator, to pass" through the screens, and from them into the grindingand amalgamating-barrels.

The interior of these barrels is made smooth, and in them are placedthree heavy iron rollers, S S S, of just suiiicient length to workwhile-lying lengthwise in the barrel, and arc-made'to 'revolveag'ainstits side and against each other. The middle roller S is smaller indiameter than the two others, which causes it to revolve in an oppositedirectiou from the larger ones, thereby causing still greater friction,and a greater reducing-- capacity. These rollers might be increasedtolive, with perhaps good results, "in which case'lthe second and fourthshould be of less diameter than the remaining ones. Y

J Iron balls may-be used for this purpose, turning in circulargrooves,and separated bypartitions made. in the barrel, but I think theroilersabove described are preferable, I

- For keeping the 1'ollers against the inner surfaceof the barrel, Iprovide a holder, consisting of two endplatcs, UU, suitably braced byrods. The lower ends of the plates are cutaway, so as to fit ovei'the-rollers. To the upper endsor arms are attached horizontalfriction-rollers, W, which reachto near the sidesof the. barrel above,sothat when the wheels pass over uneven suri'aees-br-the charge of orein the barrel becomes packed, the grinding-rollerswill be kept down, andthe friction-rollers will turn on the rods which pass through' them bycoming in contact with the sides of the barrel. Ordinarily this devicemay bedispens'ed with, or rings T may be attachedto the inner surface ofeach head of the-barrels. I i

The pulp, with the usualquantity ofquicksilver used iri amalgamating, isintroduced into the barrel, and discharged therefrom by mcanslof-a door,made at 'any'convenient place, outside of theline of the trough.

Additional barrels and wheels may be put into the diameter of thecrushing-trough, and asecond' series ofbarrel-wheels may be placed uponthe drivingplate, to work in a trough, the same as thatof the bed-plateor lower disk; this second set of crushing-wheels or barrels taking theplace of-the friction-wheels N N, asthe driving-plate would communicate.motion to both series of barrels and wheels, in the same [manner asabove described. Thus the capacity of the. mill would be doubled withoutoccupying, more. ground, and withouta proportionate increase of expense.I I r I I By means of the combinations above described, this.millembraces in itself crushing, grinding, amalga- -mating, and'extractingprecious metals, whichhas the following advantages over the'machinerynow in use for that purpose: As compared with a stamp and panmill, ofequal capacity, it' will cost eighty per cent. less to work the ores,will occupy less space, requires less power, and requires aless numberof'hands to work it.

:The machine may beef any required size or material, If for grindingquartz or ores,they maybe made wholly ofcast iron; if for artists.colors, porcclain-clay,'or other substances, they may be made ofporcelain, glass, or other non-corrosive materialf I V Having thusdescribed the manner in whic'hI construct and operate my machine, what Iclaim as m'y'invention, and desire to secnreby Letters Patent, is-

The combination and arrangement of the cylinders C, crushing-wheels D,axle E, and central plate F, with arms projecting downward, andsupporting said axle, substantially as described.

2. The combination and arrangement, of the driving-plate G on the shaftH, the friction-rollers N on the arms of the revolving plate L, and thestationary plate K, above it, substantially as described.

3. The combination and arrangement of larger rollers S with smaller, 5,withinthe cylindersC, the former rolling upon thelatter and upon thecylinder, but the latter or smaller'rubbing and grinding against thecylinder, as described In witness whereof, I. have hereunto set my handand seal.

v JN'O. A. COLLINS. [1,. 5.]

Witnesses:

C. 'W: M. Satire; Gno'.- H. Srnoue.

